Most common logs files location in linux with cpanel:
1. Apache domain access log location
/usr/local/apache/domlogs/<domain name>
2. apache conf file location
/usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
3. apache error_log location
/usr/local/apache/logs/error_logc
4. apache global access_log location
/usr/local/apache/logs/access_log
5.> Mysql my.ini config file location
/etc/my.cnf
6.> mysql log files
/var/lib/mysql
7. mysql database default location.
/var/lib/mysql/<db name>
8. General log files
/var/log
9. Exim log file
/var/log/exim_mainlog
/var/log/maillog
/var/log/rejectlog
10. apache hosts files.
/usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
11. nginx conf file.
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
12. nginx host files
/etc/nginx/vhosts/<domain name>
13. General log messages.
/var/log/messages
14. php.ini file location
/usr/local/lib/php.ini
If you are looking for any files let me know in the comment box so that i will also include those.
Thanks.